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Expanded Church Response — Zambia Fact Sheet
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Country Level Data
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Background
Prevention
Treatment
Conclusion
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Zambia's Population:
11,862,740
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Background
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It is estimated that there are approximately 930,000 adults (15+) living with HIV & AIDS in Zambia.
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DHS,
2007
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Over the past 6 years, prevalence has fallen by 1.1 percent.
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DHS,
2007
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UNAIDS,
2001
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Only 6 other countries have a higher prevalence rate than Zambia.
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UNAIDS,
2007
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HIV
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Incidence
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[new cases/adult pop.]
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per annum
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It is estimated that another 177,941
people become infected with HIV in Zambia each year; that is approximately one person every 3
minutes.
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NAC,
2009
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Over the past 2 years, the annual rate of new infections has risen by 0.2 percent.
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NAC,
2009
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NAC,
2007
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Over the past 37 years, estimated life expectancy has fallen by 6.0 years.
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WHO, UNAIDS, UNICEF,
2007
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UNICEF,
1970
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There are only 2 other countries where children are born with a shorter life expectancy than in Zambia.
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UN-ESA Pop Database,
2007
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While there are various problems with surveying the epidemic in southern Africa, it is clear that the region is being severely impacted by HIV and AIDS. Zambia is in the middle of this cluster and steps need to be taken to combat high prevalence and incidence rates.
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Background
Prevention
Treatment
Conclusion
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Prevention
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A
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bstinence
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% 15- to 24-year olds with sex before age 15.
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In Zambia, 15.0 percent of 15- to 24-year-old respondents reported engaging in sexual intercourse prior to age 15.
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DHS,
2007
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B
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e Faithful
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% multiple sex partners
[during last 12 months]
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14.4 percent of surveyed adults in Zambia reported having multiple sexual partners in the year prior to being interviewed.
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DHS (males),
2007
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Over the past 6 years, the percentage of adults reported having multiple sexual partners during the previous calendar year has declined 6.90 percent.
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DHS (males),
2007
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DHS (males),
2001
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C
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ondoms
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% used condoms
[during last intercourse]
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In Zambia 33.1 percent of interviewed adults that had sex with a non-regular sexual partners during the year prior to the survey reported using a condom during the last such encounter. Reported condom use during last sex with a regular partner, such as within marriage, is considerably lower.
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DHS (females),
2007
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Over the past 6 years, this measure of self-reported condom use with non-regular partners has risen 12.0 percent.
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DHS (females),
2007
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DHS (females),
2001
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A concerted efforts by church organizations and international development organizations (supported by new PEPFAR and Global Fund monies) to raise awareness and implement the ABC prevention plan, developed and used in the 1990's in Uganda to great effect, is having its desired effect in Zambia. The age of reported first intercourse is on the rise (A)and the number of reported sexual partners over the past year is decreasing (B). However, reported condom use during last sex with non-regular partners (C) has decreased over the survey. It remains to be seen what effect this will have on the shape of the epidemic. All data from the Zambia Sexual Behavior Survey.
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Background
Prevention
Treatment
Conclusion
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Treatment
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ARV
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Need
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persons needing ARV's
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There are currently 930,000
people infected with HIV in Zambia; 330,000
of these are people that require anti-retroviral treatment.
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UNAIDS/WHO,
2007
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If there were no new infections starting today, the number of people requiring ARV's in Zambia would still be expected to
grow somewhat
over the next seven years.
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UNAIDS/WHO,
2007
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ARV
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Delivery
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persons receiving ARV's
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There are 151,000 people currently receiving anti-retroviral treatment in Zambia.
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GRZ,
2007
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These figures suggest that there are 179,000 people in Zambia who need - but do not have access to ARVs.
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GRZ,
2007
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45.8
percent of people that require anti-retrovirals in Zambia are currently receiving the treatment.
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GRZ,
2007
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At the current rate of ARV coverage, over the next seven years an estimated
510,000
people that require the treatment will not be able access it.
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GRZ,
2007
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Zambia is in the midst of a dramatic scaling up of the delivery of ARVs to PLWHAs. Issues with health infrastructure slow the pace but progress is is being made. Data from 2006 suggest that only 82,000 of the estimated 310,000 PLWHAs were receiving ARVs at this time. In one year, Zambia, with the assistance of the international community has managed to nearly double the proportion of people receiving ARVs that needed it (from 26.5 percent to 45.8 percent). However, with half of the people needing these life-saving drugs, still not receiving them, there is still a long way to go.
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Background
Prevention
Treatment
Conclusion
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It appears that the worst of the epidemic has hit Zambia, and it is now time to contemplate policies, programs, and other means that will drive the recovery. It is also time to consider plans to mitigate the long-term effects of the HIV and AIDS. Most important it is time to remain vigilant as examples are now coming in from the US of resurgence of the disease in communities where the interventions were never fully implemented or forgotten over time. With a prevalence that once surpassed 20 percent and a health system under stress, Zambia will not be in a position to respond to a similar, but far more severe situation.
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